The main attacks occurred on 16 and 23 September 1943, when most of Nantes' industrial facilities and portions of the city centre and its surrounding area were destroyed by American bombs. [56] Nantes and its surrounding area were the main producers of French printed cotton fabric during the 18th century,[57] and the Netherlands was the city's largest client for exotic goods. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public transit is 12 min, while 16.8% of riders wait for over 20 minutes on average every day. These motorways form a 43-kilometre (27 mi) ring road around the city, France's second-longest after the ring in Bordeaux. Items include paintings, sculptures, photographs, maps and furniture displayed to illustrate major points of Nantes history such as the Atlantic slave trade, industrialisation and the Second World War. [88] The river's bed and banks have changed considerably over a period of centuries. The canal, completed in 1892, was abandoned in 1910 because of the efficient dredging of the Loire between 1903 and 1914. [17] Like other cities in the region (including Paris), its name was replaced during the fourth century with a Gaulish one; Lutetia became Paris (city of the Parisii), and Darioritum became Vannes (city of the Veneti). Nantes began to grow when Ratiatum collapsed after the Germanic invasions. Much of the old town and all of the Isle of Nantes consist of backfill. [103] Rainfall and its pattern exemplifies this (winters rainier than other seasons), although it is a relatively high total fall in every month (too high average temperature), but in the future may be closer to a dry summer defined if trends persist. Under Ayrault's administration, Nantes used its quality of life to attract service firms. La Côte Atlantique, c’est vaste ! [250] Air traffic has increased from 2.6 million passengers in 2009 to 4.1 million in 2014, while its capacity has been estimated at 3.5 million passengers per year. [80] The city has a significant ultra-left radical scene, owing in part to the proximity of the ZAD de Notre-Dame-des-Landes. [165] Nantes had a small Jewish community during the Middle Ages, but Jews were expelled from Brittany in 1240 and Judaism only reappeared after the French Revolution. The neighbourhood committees, existing primarily to facilitate dialogue between citizens and the local government, meet twice a year. Originaire de Nozay (Loire-Atlantique), David Briand a reçu mardi soir 6 octobre 2020 la médaille de la Ville de Nozay pour son titre de Meilleur ouvrier de France (MOF) 2019. The news agency Médias Côte Ouest publishes Wik and Kostar, two free magazines dedicated to local cultural life. Begun in 1207, many of its current buildings date to the 15th century. [154] Partnership agreements have been signed with cities in developing countries, including Dschang, Cameroon, Grand'Anse, Haiti and Kindia, Guinea. [111] In 2013, the unemployment rate was 11.4 percent of the active population (France 10 percent, Loire-Atlantique 8.5 percent). Audencia, a private management school, is ranked as one of the world's best by the Financial Times and The Economist. [30], Because tradesmen favoured inland roads rather than Atlantic routes,[31] Nantes never became a large city under Roman occupation. , Loire-Atlantique 44000, France Prix demandé FAI 450 000€ Coeur de ville avec gros passage piétons Fermeture 6 semaines + Dimanche Comm. Other theatres include the Théâtre universitaire and several private venues. Between 12,000 and 13,000 people (including women and children) were arrested, and 8,000 to 11,000 died of typhus or were executed by the guillotine, shooting or drowning. The new region was called Pays de la Loire ("Loire Countries") although it does not include most of the Loire Valley. 10 détours incontournables sur la côte atlantique Par France.fr , publié le 30 novembre 2011, 15:30, dernière mise à jour le 8 octobre 2018, 10:29 [208] Smaller museums include the Jules Verne Museum (dedicated to the author, who was born in Nantes) and the Planetarium. [251] A new Aéroport du Grand Ouest in Notre-Dame-des-Landes, 20 kilometres (12 miles) north of Nantes, was projected from the 1970s, to create a hub serving north-western France. It is the fourth-highest-ranking city in France, after Paris, Lyon and Marseille. [137] In a 2014 poll, 67 percent of Breton people and 77 percent of Loire-Atlantique residents favoured reunification. [128], Nantes and the Loire-Atlantique département were part of the historic province of Brittany, and the city and Rennes were its traditional capitals. The living area, dining room and fully equiped kitchen on the main floor have stunning ocean and sunset view. They include the Chamber of Accounts of Brittany (now the préfecture, 1763–1783); the Graslin Theatre (1788); Place Foch, with its column and statue of Louis XVI (1790), and the stock exchange (1790–1815). [220] They left several permanent works of art in Nantes and inspired the Voyage à Nantes, a series of contemporary-art exhibitions across the city which has been held every summer since 2012. [134][135][136], Debate continues about Nantes' place in Brittany, with polls indicating a large majority in Loire-Atlantique and throughout the historic province favouring Breton reunification. [111], The medieval core has narrow streets and a mixture of half-timbered buildings, more recent sandstone buildings, post-World War II reconstruction and modern redevelopment. [62] Three years later another Royalist leader, François de Charette, was executed in Nantes. Other etchings of quotes by figures like Nelson Mandela and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. appear on the slanted frosted glass wall which lined the memorial wall opposite the pillars which open to the river. [198] Although many of the 18th-century buildings have a neoclassical design, they are adorned with sculpted rococo faces and balconies. [178] The city is one of France's most dynamic in job creation, with 19,000 jobs created in Nantes Métropole between 2007 and 2014 (outperforming larger cities such as Marseilles, Lyon and Nice). In 1851, after much debate and opposition, Nantes was connected to Paris by the Tours–Saint-Nazaire railway. [245], The city is linked to Paris by the A11 motorway, which passes through Angers, Le Mans and Chartres. [202][203], Nantes has several museums. The city has two tram-train lines: Nantes-Clisson (southern) and Nantes-Châteaubriant (northern). [201], Industrial architecture includes several factories converted into leisure and business space, primarily on the Isle of Nantes. [159] In 1800 it was the sixth-largest French city, behind Paris (550,000), Lyon, Marseilles, Bordeaux and Rouen (all 80,000 to 109,000). Virgin Radio has a local outlet in nearby Basse-Goulaine, and Chérie FM and NRJ have outlets in Rezé. Its programme has a main theme (past themes have included exile, nature, Russia and Frédéric Chopin), mixing classics with lesser-known and -performed works. The Nantes region is France's largest food producer; the city has recently become a hub of innovation in food security, with laboratories and firms such as Eurofins Scientific. The majority (60.8 percent) were 25 to 54 years old. [112] The area was extended towards the Parc de Procé during the 19th century. [58][59], The French Revolution initially received some support in Nantes, a bourgeois city rooted in private enterprise. It has more than 1.6 million zoological specimens and several thousand mineral samples. The original one-day festival now lasts for five days. [246], Nantes' central railway station is connected by TGV trains to Paris, Lille, Lyon, Marseille and Strasbourg. La côte atlantique française se divise traditionnellement en plusieurs parties régionales appelées du nord au sud, notamment : côte des dunes de Flandres, côte d'Opale, côte picarde, côte de Grâce, côte Fleurie, côte de Nacre, côte de la déroute, côte des Isles, côte des Havres, baie du Mont-Saint-Michel, côte d'Émeraude, côte de Penthièvre, côte de Goëlo, côte de granit rose, ceinture dorée, Les Abers, côte … [82][83][84] The death of Steve Maia Caniço in June 2019 has led to accusations of police brutality and cover-ups. Because of its sturdiness, granite was often used for foundations. Collections include a golden reliquary made for Anne of Brittany's heart, medieval statues and timber frames, coins, weapons, jewellery, manuscripts and archaeological finds. The council is currently overseen by Rolland. [26] After about 1,000 years of trading, local industry appeared around 900 BC; remnants of smithies dated to the eighth and seventh centuries BC have been found in the city. [91] The city is near the geographical centre of the land hemisphere, identified in 1945 by Samuel Boggs as near the main railway station (around 47°13′N 1°32′W / 47.217°N 1.533°W / 47.217; -1.533). [87], The city is at a natural crossroads between the ocean in the west, the centre of France (towards Orléans) in the east, Brittany in the north and Vendée (on the way to Bordeaux) in the south. [88] The tidal range can reach 6 metres (20 feet) in Nantes, larger than at the mouth of the estuary. A local dialect (parler nantais) is sometimes mentioned by the press, but its existence is dubious and its vocabulary mainly the result of rural emigration. [163] However, it has waned since the 1970s because of the rise of atheism and secularism. [27] Nantes may have been the major Gaulish settlement of Corbilo, on the Loire estuary, which was mentioned by the Greek historians Strabo and Polybius. [99] The city's lowest points, along the Loire, are 2 metres (6 feet 7 inches) above sea level. … Notre-Dame-de-Bon-Port, near the Loire, is an example of 19th-century neoclassicism. On 29 June 1793, 30,000 Royalist troops from Vendée attacked the city on their way to Normandy (where they hoped to receive British support). After the union of Brittany and France, the burghers petitioned the French king to give them a city council which would enhance their freedom; their request was granted by Francis II in 1559. Posez pied à terre sur le Bassin d’Arcachon le temps d’une bourriche d’huîtres et d’une initiation au wakeboard. [244], Six teams in Nantes play at a high national or international level. The original coat of arms was readopted in 1816, and the Liberation Cross and the 1939–45 War Cross were added in 1948. [182], In 2014, 74.6 percent of the city's businesses were involved in trade, transport and services; 16.2 percent in administration, education and health; 5.4 percent in construction, and 3.7 percent in industry. [54] The port was part of the triangular trade: ships went to West Africa to buy slaves, slaves were sold in the French West Indies, and the ships returned to Nantes with sugar and other exotic goods. The 10,700-seat stadium was selected as a venue for the 2017 World Men's Handball Championship. Commune de Nantes (44109)", "Nantes : la cité des ducs, meilleure destination d'Europe ? [43] Nantes began to trade with foreign countries, exporting salt from Bourgneuf,[43] wine, fabrics and hemp (usually to the British Isles). The old town did not extend south before the 19th century, since it would have meant building on the unsteady islands in the Loire. The union ended a long feudal conflict between France and Brittany, reasserting the king's suzerainty over the Bretons. The local timezone is named Europe / Paris with an UTC offset of one hour. C'est dans les locaux de l'ancienne école des Beaux-Arts, rue Fénelon, que les commerçants du centre-ville de Nantes pourront livrer les commandes passées par leurs clients. Villa Atlantique is inspired by modern beach style living and Long Island architecture. The largest is the Stade de la Beaujoire, built for UEFA Euro 1984. Although the castle had a military role, it was also a residence for the ducal court. Local authorities have commemorated the legacy of the slave trade, promoting dialogue with other cultures. [36] Around 490, the Franks under Clovis I captured the city (alongside eastern Brittany) from the Visigoths after a sixty-day siege;[37] it was used as a stronghold against the Bretons. [164] Although Nantes is where Protestantism was permitted in France through its edict, Protestants have always formed a small minority. Un séjour en club de vacances sur la Côte Atlantique 100% sur mesure. The Loire in Nantes now has only two branches, one on either side of the Isle of Nantes. On 18 July 1789, locals seized the Castle of the Dukes of Brittany in an imitation of the storming of the Bastille. During the 17th century, after the establishment of the French colonial empire, Nantes gradually became the largest port in France and was responsible for nearly half of the 18th-century French Atlantic slave trade. [118] Nantes has three ecodistricts (one on the Isle of Nantes, one near the train station and the third in the north-east of the city), which aim to provide affordable, ecological housing and counter urban sprawl by redeveloping neglected areas of the city.[119]. [232], British painter J. M. W. Turner visited Nantes in 1826 as part of a journey in the Loire Valley, and later painted a watercolour view of Nantes from Feydeau Island. [157] Although industry is less significant than it was before the 1970s, Nantes is France's second-largest centre for aeronautics. Talent. Although local restaurants tend to serve simple dishes made with fresh local products, exotic trends have influenced many chefs in recent years. [207] The Machines of the Isle of Nantes, opened in 2007 in the converted shipyards, has automatons, prototypes inspired by deep-sea creatures and a 12-metre-tall (39 ft), walking elephant. In 2020, the Globalization and World Cities Research Network ranked Nantes as a Gamma world city. [168] As a result of 19th-century Lower Breton immigration, Breton was once widely spoken in parts of Nantes. Nantes' first mosque was built in 1976, with three more built in 2010–2012. Old buildings on the former Feydeau Island and the neighbouring embankments often lean because they were built on damp soil. Green space (public and private) makes up 41 percent of Nantes' area. [172] Since 2000 Nantes has developed a business district, Euronantes, with 500,000 square metres (5,400,000 square feet) of office space and 10,000 jobs. The city's 18th-century heritage is also reflected in the hôtels particuliers and other private buildings for the wealthy, such as the Cours Cambronne (inspired by Georgian terraces). Ratiatum, founded under Augustus, developed more quickly than Nantes and was a major port in the region. The eastern extension (behind Nantes Cathedral) was traditionally inhabited by the aristocracy, and the larger western extension along the Loire was built for the bourgeoisie. [49] At the end of the French Wars of Religion, the Edict of Nantes (legalising Protestantism in France) was signed in the town. [53] Plantations in the colonies needed labour to produce sugar, rum, tobacco, indigo dye, coffee and cocoa, and Nantes shipowners began trading African slaves in 1706. [35][30], Like much of the region, Nantes was part of the Roman Empire during the early Middle Ages. Place Royale was completed in 1790, and the large fountain added in 1865. A strike organised by the city's 17,500 metallurgists during the summer of 1955 to protest salary disparities between Paris and the rest of France deeply impacted the French political scene, and their action was echoed in other cities. Since then, the city has supported its six bilingual schools and introduced bilingual signage. All rights reserved © Concept & Creation by Jacques Pernet for JACQ™. A route (a green line painted on the pavement) helps visitors make the voyage between the exhibitions and the city's major landmarks. Le feu embrase aussi l'Ouest - Mai 68 en Bretagne", "Nantes Durban Sister City Agreement. [75], The postwar years were a period of strikes and protests in Nantes. [28] After an attack by German tribes in 275, Nantes' inhabitants built a wall; this defense also became common in surrounding Gaulish towns. [73] British bombs first hit the city in August 1941 and May 1942. [89], The river is tidal in the city, and tides are observed about 30 kilometres (19 miles) further east. The average distance people usually ride in a single trip with public transit is 5 km, while 2% travel for over 12 km in a single direction. Offering a terrace and sea view, Atlantique, Carnac is located in Carnac, a 2-minute walk from Grande Beach and 200 yards from Legenese. [89] Eastern Nantes is flatter, with a few hills reaching 30 metres (98 feet). With a business incubator, it has 422 companies and 71 research and higher-education facilities and specialises in biopharmaceuticals, information technology, renewable energy, mechanics, food production and naval engineering. Vue. Obtenez gratuitement une estimation en ligne du prix de votre bien immobilier, puis engagez les meilleures agences immobilières partenaires de MeilleursAgents.com pour vendre votre bien immobilier au … 2005", "Nantes et les relations internationales", "Nantes signe la charte Ya d'ar brezhoneg", "Nantes. [72] Forty-eight civilians were executed in Nantes in 1941 in retaliation for the assassination of German officer Karl Hotz. [123], Like most French municipalities, Nantes is part of an intercommunal structure which combines the city with 24 smaller, neighbouring communes. The local dialect in Nantes is Gallo, spoken by some in Upper Brittany. [114], After World War II, several housing projects were built to accommodate Nantes' growing population. Nantes was at the point where the river current and the tides cancelled each other out, resulting in siltation and the formation of the original islands. Although it lacked amenities such as a theatre or an amphitheatre, the city had sewers, public baths and a temple dedicated to Mars Mullo. ", "Atlas français de la coopération décentralisée et des autres actions extérieures", Commission nationale de la coopération décentralisée, "Atlas régional - Effectifs d'étudiants en 2013-2014", "Au fil des pages de "Nantes dans la littérature, "Les 30 ans des Rendez-Vous de l'Erdre : un succès malgré la menace terroriste", "Bretagne: la bataille de la réunification", "British towns twinned with French towns", "Carte du réseau de transport de la région Pays de la Loire", "Le périphérique, une ceinture de 43 km autour de Nantes", "ChubEndret – Dictionnaire de noms de lieux", "Energy Cities – Nantes – European Green Capital in 2013", "Comment Nantes est devenue le nouvel éden des bobos", "Condivincum / Portanamnetum=Portensis Vicus / Namnetes=Civ.